Related by context. All words. (Click for frequent words.) 82 CPIX 73 targeted CPIX inflation 65 Headline inflation 65 inflation 64 WPI inflation 62 core PCE inflation 60 HICP inflation 60 RPIX 59 SARB 59 inflationary pressures 58 Headline CPI 58 Inflation 58 inflation pressures 57 annual HICP inflation 57 PSCE 57 RPIX measure 57 Annabel Bishop 57 Core CPI 56 core PCE 56 GDP deflator 56 CPI 56 Mboweni 55 core PCE deflator 55 inflationary expectations 55 inflation undershooting 55 repo rate 55 RPIX inflation 55 IPCA inflation 55 Brait economist Colen Garrow 54 Swiss franc Libor 54 infl ation 54 Consumer Prices HICP 54 inflationary pressure 54 Q#.# [003] 54 HICP 54 refi rate 53 Core PCE 53 inflation quickened 53 Eurozone PPI 53 RBNZ 53 Core PCE inflation 53 Kagiso PMI 53 monetary aggregates 53 disinflation 53 Core PPI 53 inflation outturns 52 mildly restrictive 52 IPCA consumer 52 PCE Core 52 Investec PMI 52 Real disposable incomes 52 Inflation Report 52 Reserve Bank 51 RBA 51 Inflationary expectations 51 Niesr 51 Vicky Redwood 51 #,# c [002] 51 dwelling commencements 51 Monetary Policy Committee 51 Nick Tuffley 51 EU Harmonised Index 51 core PCE index 51 Nominal GDP 51 Mr Hanlan 51 Gilt yields 51 Quarterly Inflation 51 disinflationary 51 ISM nonmanufacturing index 51 NIESR 51 implied deflator 51 R# #/kg [002] 51 core PPI 51 Econometer 51 BoE 50 Nationwide Consumer Confidence 50 economist Elize Kruger 50 Mminele 50 1pp 50 #.#-#.# pct [002] 50 pessimists outnumber optimists 50 Mr de Garis 50 gradual ebbing 50 non tradables 50 Sales excluding autos 50 benchmark IPCA index 50 Jammine 50 NGDP 50 Eibor 50 Investec economist Kgotso 50 Governor Tito Mboweni 50 Sacci 50 disinflationary pressures 50 Dr Bollard 50 #bps hike 50 Selic rate 50 Fionnuala Earley Nationwide 50 Eskom tariff 50 Hugo Pienaar 50 GDP 50 Headline PCE 49 composite PMI 49 nonmanufacturing index 49 Libor interbank lending 49 Inflation quickened 49 SACCI 49 economist Carmen Altenkirch 49 HGNSI 49 Nothaft predicted 49 R#.#/dollar 49 Producer Price Index 49 Stats SA 49 Stanlib economist Kevin Lings 49 nominal GDP 49 monetary tightening cycle 49 CB Consumer Confidence 49 PPI 49 MPC 49 Nonfarm productivity 49 contractionary territory 49 remortgage approvals 49 inflationary 49 Kevin Lings 49 Schoefisch 49 Eurozone M3 49 Bruggemans 49 #c l [001] 49 PCE Deflator 49 Eaqub 49 Ms Polygenis 49 MTBPS 49 Inflationary pressure 49 Mr Koukoulas 48 Econometrix 48 George Glynos 48 Elna Moolman 48 IGP DI 48 Bank economist Danelee 48 Yao Jingyuan chief 48 Personal Consumption Expenditures PCE 48 IMACEC 48 USD ZAR 48 Monetary Policy Rate 48 Repo Rate 48 COPOM 48 Swiss franc LIBOR 48 Headline PPI 48 y y 48 Bollard 48 Swiss KOF leading 48 poverty datum line 48 CFLP PMI 48 Inflation Gauge 48 StatsSA 48 Ballim 48 Reuters Econometer 48 Eonia 48 BoN 48 Commsec economist Savanth Sebastian 48 German IFO survey 48 benchmark IPCA consumer 48 Claimant Count 48 claimant count 48 index WPI 48 rockbottom levels 48 BoE Sentance 48 rand depreciated 48 Medicare Advantage MLR 48 interest rates 48 #bp hike 48 CFNAI 48 Ms Kevans 48 benchmark Selic rate 48 tightenings 48 Crisil Principal 48 Mortgage Approvals 48 month sterling Libor 48 Mr Redican 48 STILL LOW 48 optimists outnumber pessimists 48 SGD NEER 48 CommSec economist Savanth Sebastian 48 Zaki Kada 48 Tony Twine 48 PCE deflator 48 AWOTE 48 #.#/dollar [001] 47 #.#-#.# bln eur [004] 47 infla tion 47 BoE policymakers 47 #basis points 47 CPIs 47 expansionary territory 47 Eurozone Manufacturing PMI 47 Base Rate 47 Housing Affordability Index 47 Inflation Expectations 47 Consumer Prices HICPs 47 Implied vols 47 nonfood nonenergy inflation 47 statewide unadjusted jobless 47 CIPS PMI 47 Prior Wandesforde 47 Vunani Securities 47 monetary tightening 47 benchmark IPCA 47 mont h 47 Fionnuala Earley 47 SELIC rate 47 Nyiko Mageza 47 Geoff Dicks 47 Ms Beacher 47 central bankā 47 RBNZ Governor 47 libor 47 estimated #bcm [002] 47 Darmalingam 47 Reverse Repo Rate 47 Tito Mboweni 47 OIS curve 47 non tradeables 47 BoE Monetary Policy 47 Composite CPI 47 governor Tito Mboweni 47 IBGE statistics institute 47 Brazil benchmark Selic 47 undershooting 47 Sacob 47 Swiss KOF 47 Martin Gahbauer 47 Core Personal Consumption 47 RBC CASH Index 47 Azar Jammine 47 Mr Gahbauer 47 CIPS NTC 47 NAAMSA 47 Henrik Gullberg 47 Personal Consumption Expenditures 47 Sentix investor confidence 47 price deflator 47 Mortgage approvals 47 OBR forecasts 47 Mr Halmarick 47 Portfolio.hu poll 47 EUR HUF 47 Nominal incomes 47 UBS Consumption Indicator 46 decelerated sharply 46 ISM Manufacturing Index 46 Emirates Interbank Offered 46 IIP numbers 46 Carmen Altenkirch 46 downwards revision 46 #-year/#-year yield spread 46 Nonfood inflation 46 S.Africa c.bank 46 Index WPI 46 gilt yield 46 Koji Fukaya senior 46 INFLATION 46 Westpac Consumer Confidence 46 disinflationary trend 46 benchmarket 46 from#.# [002] 46 Business Sacob 46 OIS spreads 46 CRR hike 46 #.#/dlr 46 Cebr 46 gross NPL ratio 46 Mr Rubinsohn 46 reweighted 46 Botswana BoB 46 Canadian Ivey PMI 46 yearover 46 outturn 46 Asgi SA 46 Howard Archer 46 Inflationary pressures 46 US#c [002] 46 BOE Monetary Policy 46 Nicky Weimar 46 Prices HICP 46 #.#ppts 46 #.#pps [002] 46 denotes contraction 46 ZEW indicator 46 Rural Mainstreet Index 46 monetary policy 46 dehedging 46 LONDON MNI 46 pollsters GfK NOP 46 Coincident Index 46 Dwelling approvals 46 ZEW survey 46 Spherion Employee Confidence Index 46 month Klibor 46 Dr Ironmonger 46 Asgisa 46 disinflationary forces 46 England Monetary Policy 46 S.Africa cbank 46 Minimum Rediscount Rate MRR 46 BOP surplus 46 Excluding autos sales 46 #.#pa liter [006] 46 R#/kg [001] 46 ISM Mfg. Index 45 Harmonized Indices 45 R# 2bn 45 Allan Bollard 45 cedi depreciated 45 RMB BER 45 Nxedlana 45 3per cent 45 slight downward revision 45 Governor Alan Bollard 45 monetary tightenings 45 Imacec 45 benchmark Selic lending 45 EONIA 45 GDP deflator broad 45 ZEW index 45 benchmark IPCA inflation 45 Von Zeuner 45 rand 45 mortgage repayments 45 economist Jac Laubscher 45 undesirably low 45 Copom 45 Jac Laubscher 45 Poverty Datum Line 45 Razia Khan 45 Ms Deda 45 BOE Sentance 45 benchmark Selic interest 45 Rian le Roux 45 Naamsa 45 tame inflation 45 Acadametrics 45 ZEW Indicator 45 EU Harmonized 45 economist Jonathan Loynes 45 Allan Monks 45 Dr Tsiaplias 45 Remortgaging activity 45 Mnyande 45 GDP deflator gauge 45 R# #/kg [003] 45 German ZEW 45 Milan Khatri 45 BoP surplus 45 Euribor fixings 45 SVME PMI 45 Rural Mainstreet economic 45 IBGE statistics agency 45 Duration Gap 45 Governor Amando Tetangco 45 Martin Gahbauer Nationwide 45 PSNB 45 C. Guinigundo 45 Fashion Fascias 45 Personal Consumption Expenditure 45 FOMC 45 reading undershot Kyodo 45 tightening cycle 45 Selic 45 Index RMPI 45 Ian Stannard senior 45 Jonathan Loynes economist 45 Gahbauer 45 Chile cenbank 45 UMich consumer sentiment 45 IPCA 45 HEPS 45 chief economist Fionnuala 45 Maintained Neutral rating 45 #.#mn b d [001] 45 CTD Jeopardy 45 Nationwide HPI 45 Ebita margin 45 JGB yields 45 gilt yields 45 EUR ZAR 45 Predicted planetary 45 nonpetroleum import prices 45 imputed rents 45 R#.# R#.# 45 coincident CI 45 value ratios LTVs 45 Eric Lascelles 45 QSBO 45 fed cattle marketings 45 tradeables inflation 45 R#/kg [002] 45 #.#-#.# pct [004] 45 central bank 45 Ridle Markus 45 gradual deceleration 45 m m 45 #.#percentage points 45 CBI distributive trades 45 #.#pps y y 45 #.#mb d [002] 45 inverted curve 45 reverse repo rates 45 Cees Bruggemans 45 dwelling approvals 44 Industry Sacci 44 NABE panel 44 Colen Garrow economist 44 Eurozone PMI 44 EONIA = 44 HSBC Manufacturing PMI 44 ID nONS# 44 deflator 44 Carsten Fritsch currency 44 Monetary Policy Statement 44 economist Elna Moolman 44 Gavin Redknap 44 Industry SACCI 44 chartered surveyors reporting 44 USD #/bbl [001] 44 LAF corridor 44 Philippine c.bank 44 PGM ounce 44 DK Joshi principal 44 Rate OCR 44 deflation 44 Wasilewska Trenkner 44 LIBOR OIS spread 44 rediscount rate 44 Colen Garrow 44 UK Mortgage Approvals 44 jumbo ARMs 44 Sarb 44 Lothar Hessler 44 MPC Monetary Policy 44 Peter Attard Montalto 44 Kagiso Securities 44 IHT threshold 44 Statscan revised 44 Sheng Laiyun spokesman 44 #/oz [001] 44 #USc 44 Inflation Rate 44 #bps qoq [001] 44 QE quantitative easing 44 benchmark Mimshal Shiklit 44 Mr Dinte 44 TIPS breakevens 44 economist Isaac Matshego 44 OUTLOOK BoE 44 2pp 44 Copom voted unanimously 44 normalized EPS 44 Markit CIPS 44 SACOB 44 Remortgage approvals 44 excludes volatile 44 R# 3bn 44 tightening monetary 44 Nxasana 44 benchmark Selic 44 Governor Savenaca Narube 44 PMIs 44 Research NIESR 44 tightening bias 44 gradual normalization 44 Eurozone HICP 44 jumbo refinance 44 Economist Vicky Redwood 44 governor Alan Bollard 44 bund yield 44 shekel depreciation 44 CLSA PMI 44 TED Spread 44 RMPI 44 wage bargainers 44 sales excluding autos 44 Summary Box Fixed 44 euribor 44 BoE Governor Mervyn 44 minimizing speculative bubbles 44 R#.#/US [001] 44 deputy governor Hartadi 44 NABE forecasters 44 Reham ElDesoki 44 Permanent TSB ESRI 44 RMB BER BCI 44 EIBOR 44 contractionary 44 arch dove 44 SELIC 44 Absa 44 Frank Nothaft Freddie Mac 44 Manat exchange 44 ECB 44 Mr Boulger 44 Swiss SVME PMI 44 UMich index 44 ZEW institute index 44 economist Magan Mistry 44 #bps [002] 44 economist Nick Tuffley 44 expansionary monetary policy 44 economists surveyed 44 Import Prices 44 Mr Rumbens 44 undershoot 44 Libor fixings 44 expansionary 44 German Zew 43 Dr Atchana 43 consumption expenditures PCE 43 ISM Manufacturing 43 Shared Growth 43 Governor Svein Gjedrem 43 accommodative monetary stance 43 ay y 43 economist Andrew Hanlan 43 Hibors 43 ASGISA 43 Marian Noga 43 Daragh Maher currency 43 CIPS RBS 43 Composite Leading Indicator 43 A1c levels 43 dollar denominated Libor 43 ind ex 43 interestrate 43 Ivey PMI 43 mont hs 43 BoE policymaker Andrew Sentance 43 HDB resale 43 Policy Rate OPR 43 bund yields 43 RLJP 43 CPIX inflation headline 43 Sentance 43 rate hikes 43 analyst George Glynos 43 Riksbank 43 Technology Expectations ICTE 43 economist Francois Viruly 43 fullyear outturn represents 43 economist Vicky Redwood 43 downwardly adjusted 43 Nedcor 43 #Y yield 43 Benign inflation 43 Personal Incomes 43 ISM nonmanufacturing 43 credit extension PSCE 43 LTV ratios 43 Governor Mervyn King 43 CFNAI MA3 suggests 43 Upward revisions 43 % y y 43 smoothed sunspot number 43 #.#mn bpd [002] 43 R# 4bn 43 Julian Jessop economist 43 coincident indicator 43 NERSA 43 0 # YIB 43 Mr Barbetti 43 KOF Swiss 43 NIESR GDP 43 Ratsoma 43 OJF 43 interestrates 43 Bagrie 43 #.#-#.# [034] 43 Amit Kara 43 economist Helen Kevans 43 capital formation GFCF 43 EUR CZK pair 43 Wholesale Inventories 43 downside risks 43 Westpac Consumer Sentiment 43 KSH detected 43 Producer Prices 43 PPI Output 43 Ian Marsberg 43 EUR CZK 43 Hungary cbank 43 notes UST2YR 43 infla 43 ANZ Commodity 43 INSEE 43 ISM manufacturing 43 PANHANDLE Temperatures 43 Guinigundo 43 Alweendo 43 #.#/#.# [024] 43 deflationary pressures 43 consultancy Hometrack 43 deliquencies 43 Harmonized Index 43 #c l [002] 43 borrowing reverse repo 43 Stamp Duty threshold 43 Its beta coefficient 43 Sheng Laiyun 43 sector PSCE 43 ovitrap index 43 Euribor interbank 43 Subprime delinquencies 43 mortgage FRM averaged 43 Unemployment Rate 43 #.#-#.# bln [004] 43 CEBR 43 revised upwards 43 NAIRU 43 Mr Eslake 43 cyclical downswing 43 economist Riki Polygenis 43 benchmark refi 43 Disinflation 43 SAAR 43 kharif output 43 #year/# 43 IFO survey 43 museum Julie Setlock 43 revise downwards 43 Elize Kruger 43 R#billion [002] 43 FNB BER consumer 43 Ghana Statistical 43 #.#ppt 43 noninflationary 43 BOE MPC 43 ZAR #.#bn [002] 43 Producer Price 43 Frank Nothaft chief 43 Future Inflation Gauge 43 stockdraws 43 interest margins NIMs 43 CRB index 43 Durables orders 43 Confidence Index SM 43 MTEF 43 gross NPAs 43 #.#pps m m 43 GBPNZD 43 smoothes volatility 43 Personal insolvencies 43 consumption expenditures deflator 43 RTTNews Eurozone 43 Personal Consumption 43 R2 #bn [001] 43 MONEY MARKETS Euro 43 Economists.co.za 43 3p liter wine 43 INL INP INL INP 43 Markit CIPS PMI 43 HSNSI 43 BoE Besley 43 #.#pp [003] 43 Alexandre Bourgeois 43 Monale Ratsoma 43 Inflation Stays 43 sharp deceleration 43 CPI y y 43 extension PSCE 43 BoE Blanchflower 43 Banxico 43 Solveen 43 LONG TERM TREND 43 Shireen Darmalingam 43 R# 8bn 43 Oliver Gilmartin 43 Wattret 43 Martin van Vliet 43 Deflator 43 SVRs 43 stockbuild 43 Traders mulled 43 Investec Purchasing Managers 43 Eurozone 43 NODX 42 #.#pc #.#pc 42 Monetary Policy 42 Christopher Joye 42 ECB hawkishness 42 1H RSI 42 ZAR#.# [003] 42 stoking inflationary pressures 42 Sunspot numbers 42 tradables 42 R#bn [002] 42 flatter yield curve 42 bay Forelli 42 reversal 3m #delta 42 Hometrack 42 Andrew Sentance 42 slight upward revision 42 seesaw pattern 42 halving poverty 42 FY#/# [004] 42 monthly repayments 42 Junichi Makino 42 Vix volatility index 42 Alan Oster 42 Retails Sales 42 outturns 42 estimated #.#bcm [001] 42 Cameron Bagrie 42 JIBAR 42 R#/share 42 Johan Rossouw 42 macroeconomic stability 42 Durable goods inventories 42 Bund yields 42 economist Alvin Liew 42 Deflation persisted 42 Fonterra payout 42 Monde Mnyande 42 BoJ 42 q q 42 CZK #.#bn [003] 42 ID nTKU# 42 FRMs 42 ALAN OSTER 42 Deflationary pressures 42 Implied Vol 3m 42 Patrice Rassou 42 chief economist Besa 42 risk premia 42 ISM Manufacturing Survey 42 R3 1bn 42 Countrywide loan fundings 42 rabi harvest 42 tighter monetary 42 index CGPI 42 Magan Mistry 42 Nersa 42 Kgotso Radira 42 durables orders 42 FOMC Minutes 42 Yvonne Mhango 42 TRXFLDAXPU 42 Rajeev Malik Singapore 42 #c/litre 42 Sue Trinh currency 42 Monetary Policy Report 42 #c liter [002] 42 GDP shrank 42 ZEW 42 Policy Statement MTBPS 42 TIP TLT 42 Dr Grace Bediako 42 onyear 42 HSNSI stood 42 jumbo adjustable IO 42 EUR SKK 42 #.#pts m m 42 R# ,2 [002] 42 BOJ Keeps 42 tracker mortgages 42 Consumer Sentiment Index 42 Andrew Hanlan 42 ooba 42 #.#-# mln [001] 42 uncollateralized overnight call 42 #-#/# yielding #.# [001] 42 two-year/#-year yield spread 42 Treasury indexed ARMs 42 Capitec Bank 42 CHRIS HART 42 Libor OIS 42 Singdollar 42 grwoth 42 Bank Rossii 42 Nothaft 42 inflationary tendencies 42 Mr Dastlik 42 Mzansi account 42 HIBOR 42 ZAR 42 R#.# [008] 42 Takeshi Minami 42 Statistics Office KSH 42 Ciaran Barr 42 Kirkinis 42 stoke inflation 42 Median Multiple 42 Anubhuti Sahay 42 hiked CRR 42 rand firmed 42 price index INWPI 42 Coincident Economic Index 42 value LTV ratios 42 #-#/barrel 42 Henrik Gullberg currency 42 = ECI 42 Ifo index 42 Roehmeyer 42 Blerina Uruci 42 mediumterm 42 IPAP2 42 ITEM Club 42 significantly tougher comparatives 42 governor Mervyn King 42 dampen inflationary pressures 42 Andrzej Slawinski 42 ZAR#.# [006] 42 Sylvain Broyer 42 Wholesale Inventories Rise 42 R#.# liter 42 Chargeoffs 42 Jan Czekaj 42 Li Xiaochao 42 economist Justin Smirk 42 manufacturing PMIs 42 website Rightmove 42 FXMarketAlerts Team 42 Gregory Klump CREA 42 http:/www.calculatedriskblog.com/ shows 42 ZEW institute monthly 42 chargeoff rate 42 R# 9bn 42 RPLR 42 CIPS Markit PMI 42 cons. 42 Roger Bootle 42 subindex measuring 42 ECB Issing 42 spokesman Sheng Laiyun 42 FNB BER 42 Medium Term Budget 42 five-year/#-year yield spread 42 INL INP Investec 42 Tullow Oil Gabon 42 Monica Ambrosi 42 INSTANT VIEW BoE 42 outturn represents 42 SARB Monetary Policy 42 troughed 42 Econometrix Treasury Management 42 Mamoru Yamazaki chief 42 dovish FOMC 42 GDAXI indexes 42 Frances Cheung 42 Hormel 1Q 42 Vaal Dam 42 Dede Ayew headed 42 UK Claimant Count 42 RBC Expectations 42 statistics institute INSEE 42 ECB refi 42 forint weakening 42 NIBOR 42 nonmanufacturing sector 42 CCPI N 42 Governor Ian Macfarlane 42 KIBOR 42 PLN#.# billion [002] 42 Rob Montefusco trader 42 SAIRR 42 anchoring inflationary 42 JGB yield edged 42 US#c US#c 42 ILO Unemployment Rate 42 #/dollar 42 Hungary cenbank 42 Evert Scholtz 42 deflationary spiral 42 Czech cbanker 42 gilt issuance 42 undershooting forecasts 42 note yields UST#Y 42 LME copper inventories 42 Case Shiller indexes 42 Rainer Sartoris 41 policymaker Andrew Sentance 41 Libor OIS spreads 41 sterling Libor 41 Mr Smirk 41 #c liter [001] 41 central bankâ 41 deliquency rates 41 RMB revaluation 41 curve flattened 41 Sweden Riksbank unexpectedly 41 daily kumo 41 NAHB homebuilders 41 George Tharenou 41 Radira 41 economists polled 41 Abil 41 Loss severities 41 R#.#bn [005] 41 ONS 41 Globicus qEcon EMU 41 IOER rate 41 analyst Trilby Lundberg 41 FBM KLCI 41 Homebuilder sentiment index 41 Ulf Schoefisch 41 Alan Bollard 41 hyperinflationary environment 41 gross domestic 41 US#Y 41 BBA Mortgage Approvals 41 GFK Consumer Confidence 41 interest margin NIM 41 Individual insolvencies 41 dwelling consents 41 FeedFront Staff 41 rate mortgages ARMs 41 loan origination volumes 41 George Glynos managing 41 cabinet lekgotla 41 indexed ARM 41 Supplier Deliveries 41 Eurozone PMIs 41 Michael Klawitter currency 41 reweighting 41 BIS Shrapnel 41 adviser Kaushik Basu 41 from#.# [001] 41 multifactor productivity 41 ¥ #,# [001] 41 hawk Andrew Sentance 41 2per cent 41 Jonathan Loynes 41 Viruly Consulting 41 undershot expectations 41 CMBS delinquencies 41 Glynos 41 macroeconomic 41 Mike Schüssler 41 sovereign CDS spreads 41 Matthias Rubisch 41 MORTGAGE lending 41 Steytler 41 economist Erwin Rode 41 Trimmed Mean PCE 41 Wage pressures 41 tenant lettings 41 ECB Garganas 41 Machinery Orders 41 necessarily portending 41 deflationary tendencies 41 Maastricht criterion 41 Intraday EUR JPY 41 Jean Francois Mercier 41 BRL#.# [008] 41 Capitec 41 Rainer Guntermann 41 RPX Composite 41 accomodative 41 Elzbieta Chojna Duch 41 David Lereah NAR 41 Monthly Inflation Gauge 41 BoE MPC 41 Housing Starts Jump 41 revised downwards 41 Pascal Gauthier 41 dovish stance 41 ZAR#.# [004] 41 Economic Indicators newsletter 41 economists 41 CFNAI MA3 41 Destatis statistics 41 ID nLAG# 41 #.#c bearish 41 multifamily delinquency 41 SHANE OLIVER 41 R# 7bn 41 Namibia BoN 41 Keeps Rate 41 BoE Inflation 41 euro zone 41 CMBS delinquency rate 41 mln boepd 41 disposable income 41 Freight TSI 41 CIPS Markit 41 HICPs 41 David de Garis 41 Gavin Opperman 41 sharp downward revision 41 jumbo adjustable 41 R1 #,# [001] 41 BoE MPC voted 41 Sentix Investor Confidence 41 LTVs 41 governor Savenaca Narube 41 Leading Indicator Index 41 Places R#.# R#.# 41 Lena Komileva G7 41 Conrad DeQuadros economists 41 easings 41 SNB Roth 41 incipient inflationary pressures 41 HLFS