Related by context. All words. (Click for frequent words.) 57 Mobilizing 55 Poverty Inequality 54 Participative 54 Mobilise 54 Engendering 54 Sensitisation 53 ICT4D 53 Sector Reforms 53 Gender Mainstreaming 53 Deepening Democracy 53 Informal Economy 52 Sustainable Livelihood 52 Prioritise 52 Reducing Poverty 52 Concerted Efforts 52 Regionalisation 51 Millenium Goals 51 HIV Aids Tuberculosis 51 Hygiene WASH 51 Smallholder Farmers 51 Combating Climate Change 51 Combating HIV AIDS 51 Mr. Sidibé 51 AMICAALL 51 Non Communicable Diseases 51 Organizations CSOs 50 Mainstreaming 50 Ageing Population 50 Gender Budgeting 50 Sustainable Livelihoods 50 Capacity Building 50 Climate Resilient 50 Empowerment Programme 50 Progra mme 50 Organisations CSOs 50 Situational Analysis 50 Prioritising 50 ABANTU 50 Gender Responsive 50 Institutional Capacity 50 Ministerial Roundtable 49 Multi Sectoral 49 Trade Liberalization 49 Health Inequalities 49 Inclusive Growth 49 Tackling Climate Change 49 Antenatal Care 49 Environmental Degradation 49 Sreelatha Menon 49 Debt Cancellation 49 Alleviating Poverty 49 Ex Combatants 48 Marginalisation 48 Eradicate Polio 48 mobilizing 48 Scaling Up 48 Attitudinal Change 48 Preventive Measures 48 Programme UNDP 48 Consultative Process 48 Poverty Reduction Strategies 48 ILO Decent Work 48 Development ICT4D 48 RIZOSPASTIS 48 capacitating 48 True Federalism 48 WCC FEATURE 48 Gender mainstreaming 48 Decentralize 48 Poverty alleviation 48 Ministerial Round Table 48 Structural Reform 48 Marginalised 48 Eradicate Poverty 48 Criminalisation 48 Malaria Elimination 48 Poverty Eradication 48 HIV AIDS Pandemic 48 Infrastructural 48 Credible Elections 48 Looming Crisis 48 Social Mobilisation 48 Stakeholders Consultation 48 Development Strategy PSDS 48 Petronella Sibeene 48 Angola Cunene 48 SAARC Development Goals 48 Technologies ICTs 48 Play Crucial Role 48 Angola Bié 47 Mobilised 47 Outreach Programme 47 Mobilisation 47 Conditional Grants 47 achieving gender equality 47 Monetisation 47 Aids Epidemic 47 Malaria MIM 47 Water Scarcity 47 Combat Climate Change 47 WORLD SOCIAL FORUM 47 Activities UNFPA 47 PWYP 47 Behaviour Change 47 PMNCH 47 Gov't Urged 47 Eradicating poverty 47 combating HIV Aids 47 Multi Stakeholder 47 Behavioural Change 47 mobilize 47 FANRPAN 47 Tackling Corruption 47 Council Sanac 47 Judicial Reforms 47 Slum Upgrading 47 Developing Countries 47 Alleviate Poverty 47 Stakeholder Forum 47 Renewed Commitment 47 Manusher Jonno 47 Gender Sensitivity 47 VANGUARD COMMENT 47 Transparent Governance 47 Decent Work 47 Resource Mobilisation 47 Malaria Eradication 47 Workplace Productivity 47 Forced Evictions 47 Decentralized 47 Ruling MPLA 46 multi sectorial 46 Towards Sustainable 46 Non Governmental Organisations CANGO 46 Attitude Towards 46 Institutionalizing 46 Policy Formulation 46 Polio Vaccination 46 Needs Urgent 46 Microcredit Summit 46 LESOTHO 46 Govt Urged 46 BOCONGO 46 NGOs CBOs 46 Microfinancing 46 Donor Coordination 46 Sexual Reproductive 46 Measles Vaccination 46 Tsunami Affected 46 Solemn Declaration 46 Programe 46 CANGO 46 Sue Mbaya 46 ETSIP 46 Developing 46 Vernacular Languages 46 HIV Aids malaria 46 Mobilises 46 Technological Advancement 46 Redouble Efforts 46 Fighting Corruption 46 ISODEC 46 Co ordination 46 Wezi Tjaronda 46 Awareness Campaigns 46 Kilimo Kwanza 46 NERCHA 46 Person Centred 46 Decentralisation 46 Consultative Workshop 46 ICTs 46 HIVOS 46 Innovative Approaches 46 Globalised World 46 Promoting Gender Equality 46 devt 46 Restoring Confidence 46 Conflict Zones 46 Climate Change Threatens 46 Organisations CSO 46 RBM Partnership 46 CEEAC 46 AIDS Epidemic 46 Resource Mobilization 46 Women Unifem 46 Nigeria FCTA 46 MEJN 46 Educative 46 Mr Sidibé 46 Bloggers Unite 46 Empowering Youth 46 UNCTAD XII 46 Modernise 46 Gov'ts 46 Must Rethink 46 malaria eradication 46 NEPAD secretariat 46 UNICEF UNAIDS 46 Reorienting 46 NEDLAC 46 AWDF 46 PRSPs 46 Social Mobilization 46 Organisation NPO 46 Organisational Excellence 46 Fight Against Corruption 46 UNite 46 Prioritisation 46 IWRM 46 Optimising 46 EDPRS 45 Institutional Strengthening 45 MOZAMBIQUE 45 Expert Advises 45 Unsafe Abortion 45 Angola Huila 45 intersectoral 45 Combating Violence 45 Microinsurance 45 Ban Cluster Bombs 45 Decent Work Country 45 Minimisation 45 Male Circumcision 45 Antipoverty 45 Interim Poverty Reduction 45 Progamme 45 NAPRM 45 Services ICDS Scheme 45 Private Sectors 45 Sh#b [001] 45 Movement WDM 45 Sh#b [002] 45 Militarisation 45 Tasks FG On 45 SANAC 45 Improve Maternal 45 Disaster Reduction ISDR 45 APRM Governing Council 45 Routine Immunisation 45 Hunger Eradication 45 Highly Vulnerable 45 Rural Livelihood 45 Value Chains 45 Against Poverty GCAP 45 sensitize Nigerians 45 Overcome Barriers 45 Decent Work Agenda 45 Develo pment 45 Gender Inequality 45 combating desertification 45 Climatic Changes 45 AU IBAR 45 Empowering 45 Female Genital Mutilation Cutting 45 SOUTHERN AFRICA 45 WATSAN 45 Expert Urges 45 UNCT 45 Knowledge Sharing 45 Bhutanese Refugee 45 Extractive Industries 45 Knut Ostby 45 Requires Immediate 45 Safe Motherhood 45 Revolutionising 45 Namibia Pohamba 45 Diet Physical Activity 45 Ms Sherry Ayittey 45 Habitat JAM 45 Visualising 45 Council Ecosoc 45 Transforming 45 Globalized World 45 Funding Shortfall 45 Sapping 45 Afrikids 45 By BBH FX 45 Accelerated Shared 45 Tanzania Tucta 45 Tourism Enriches 45 Disadvantaged Children 45 Reduce Poverty 45 Electoral Process 45 Productive Capacity 45 Employment Creation 45 TB Vaccine 45 Socio Economic Transformation 45 Civil Society 45 Based Violence GBV 45 Ifad 45 Eradicating Poverty 45 conscientise 45 Comprehensive Approach 45 Inter Sectoral 45 PanAfrica 45 Delegation Attends 45 Restates Commitment 45 Climate Change Adaptation 45 Ms Akua Sena Dansua 45 Angola Huambo 45 Democratize 44 Feminist Activism 44 TITLE File Inclusion 44 Competiveness 44 Combating Desertification 44 Foundation ACBF 44 Sh# Billion [002] 44 FG Approves 44 Commi ttee 44 Harmonise 44 Aids Orphans 44 Hiv Aids 44 Transforming Lives 44 Informal Sector 44 Move Towards 44 CIRDAP auditorium 44 Opposition Parties 44 AWEPA 44 Low Carbon Economy 44 Fahamu 44 Re Structuring 44 Stakeholder Consultation 44 Democratically Elected 44 Based Organisations CBOs 44 Projects GGP 44 Prioritizing 44 Socio Political 44 Orientation Programme 44 Mozambique Guebuza 44 Climate Adaptation 44 Emphasises 44 Onchocerciasis Control APOC 44 Causes Consequences 44 Fiscal Federalism 44 Path NGP 44 Voter Apathy 44 Eliminate Poverty 44 Pro gramme 44 FNDP 44 Must Adapt 44 Pandemic Influenza Preparedness 44 Albertina Nakale 44 AMCOW 44 Challenges Ahead 44 Transformational Government 44 Branchless Banking 44 eradicate poliomyelitis 44 organis ations 44 Poverty Alleviation 44 Karin Hulshof 44 Crisis Impacts 44 Accelerated Reduction 44 Alberic Kacou 44 Protsahan 44 Population Activities 44 Good Governance CGG 44 Minar Pimple 44 Microfinance Institutions MFIs 44 Majlis Ilmu 44 Mahinda Chinthana Idiri Dekma 44 Consumer Preferences 44 AIDS NERCHA 44 Reordering 44 Governance CenPEG 44 GEF SGP 44 BUSAC Fund 44 Extractive Industry 44 sensitization workshop 44 Soldier Modernisation 44 Civil Societies 44 Cautioned Against 44 sensitization workshop organized 44 FLEG 44 Embrace Diversity 44 Poverty Reduction CSPR 44 Tsunami Disaster 44 Globalized 44 HIPC Completion Point 44 Preventing Chronic Diseases 44 Combating 44 Multisectoral 44 Intersectoral 44 Non Governmental 44 inter sectoral 44 Muyoyeta 44 OWSA 44 Kepsa 44 Alleviate Hunger 44 Meeting CHOGM 44 Movt 44 Stocktaking 44 Organisa tion 44 EADEAD 44 Stakeholder Workshop 44 Modernisation Programme 44 Multi sectoral 44 Trade Liberalisation 44 Rapidly Changing 44 Gandhian Philosophy 44 SRHR 44 Malaria Tuberculosis 44 Bearing Fruit 44 mobilization 44 Pimco Floating Rate 44 Racism Xenophobia 44 Emergency Obstetric 44 Urgently Needed 44 People CEDEP 44 Drug Resistant Tuberculosis 44 COMESA EAC SADC 44 Strengthen Cooperation 44 Priority Areas 43 sensitization workshops 43 Quocirca Straight Talking 43 AMCEN 43 WAHO 43 AARDO 43 Ministerial Sub 43 Prioritizes 43 Internationalisation 43 Climate Change Mitigation 43 Subcabinet 43 Development Programme NSDP 43 Landlocked Developing Countries 43 MNCH 43 FAO IFAD 43 mainstreaming gender 43 Mongardini 43 Shs# Billion 43 Says AHF 43 Parastatal 43 eradicating illiteracy 43 Fight Bird Flu 43 Whānau Ora 43 EMPRETEC 43 Coalition LASCO 43 Specialism 43 THE NR EYE 43 EP Plenary 43 UNPF 43 Justice Network MEJN 43 DPI NGO 43 EU Framework Programmes 43 Namibia Swapo 43 Pension Reforms 43 Situation Worsens 43 Nepal Booklet 43 Bird Flu Pandemic 43 Medium Term Budgetary 43 Friedrich Ebert Stiftung FES 43 Ecosystem Approach 43 Kazi kwa Vijana 43 Solidary 43 S'South 43 inter departmental coordination 43 Intensification 43 Emerging Economies 43 WTDC 43 MCA Lifelong Learning 43 BMENA 43 Overcoming Poverty 43 Transformation Programme 43 NEPAD Secretariat 43 Impoverishment 43 Psychosocial Support 43 Human Rights Initiative CHRI 43 Niger Delta Youths 43 Initiative GEI 43 poverty underdevelopment 43 Leaders Convene 43 Industrialisation 43 Creates Opportunities 43 Enhancing Competitiveness 43 Angola Namibe 43 Kozul Wright 43 Development GAID 43 Mobilize 43 Ms. Obaid 43 Modernising 43 UNGASS 43 Decentralizing 43 Single Spine Salary 43 Sensitised 43 Taskforces 43 RES# [001] 43 Development NCWD 43 Privatise 43 Rural electrification 43 Umsobomvu Youth Fund 43 Mobilizations 43 Strategic Imperative 43 UNPD 43 Holds Workshop 43 Decolonisation 43 Tasks FG 43 NDC Manifesto 43 Earthquake Response 43 UN GAID 43 Shri Kharge 43 LOVE Condoms 43 IGOs 43 Sarbuland Khan 43 Land Degradation 43 Minister Bathabile Dlamini 43 MMDAs 43 N'Delta 43 Invest Heavily 43 Foundation Uganda PSFU 43 Legislative Drafting 43 Ethical Guidelines 43 IDASA 43 Wage Subsidy 43 TICAD III 43 UNDESA 43 Removing Barriers 43 Developed Countries 43 Intensifies Efforts 43 Resolving Conflicts 43 MOWAC 43 Corporatization 43 Steering Committees 43 Southern Africa OSISA 43 Marginalization 43 Nicholas Alipui 43 Globalisation 43 Initiative PACI 43 Feeding Programme 43 Minister Esther Murugi 43 Striking Balance 43 MLGRD 43 Sciences GAAS 43 Decries Lack 43 Untenable 43 Rationalising 43 Pneumococcal Disease 43 Reorientation 43 NSDI 43 Mrs Sai Cofie 43 ICZM 43 Growing Threat 43 Fadama Development 43 Needs Assessments 43 Hotel Africana Kampala 43 Rose Mensah Kutin 43 Alice Mogwe 43 Promoting Tolerance 43 Democratisation 43 Coordination Mechanism 43 Be Proactive 43 CODESRIA 43 Teenage Pregnancy 43 Crisis Threatens 43 Employment Guarantee Act 43 NEPAD Heads 43 Prez Mills 43 Sexually Transmitted Infections STI 43 Transnational Corporations 43 Bisi Adeleye Fayemi 43 Empowerment Scheme 43 Sow Seeds 43 UNDP UNEP 43 Flood Affected 43 Same Sex Relationships 43 ASGISA 43 Pandemic Preparedness 43 WatSan 43 Panel Examines 43 Sadc Organ 43 Macroeconomic Stability 43 C'River 43 Functional Literacy 43 Strike Cripples 43 Socio cultural 43 Geert Cappelaere 42 Inclusivity 42 Africa UNECA 42 Peaceful Resolution 42 NeGP 42 Skills Shortage 42 Reinvigorating 42 Livelihoods 42 Fund MRDF 42 Onchocerciasis Control 42 UNFPA UNICEF 42 Biosurveillance 42 Consultative Forum 42 Digitalization 42 ILO IPEC 42 Empowerment 42 Co ordinating 42 OSIWA 42 Disburse 42 SADC PF 42 Bishops Urge 42 Tree Planting Campaign 42 ECCAS 42 Otive Igbuzor 42 Evolving Landscape 42 OECD DAC 42 Political Instability 42 Econ Crisis 42 GFDRR 42 Promoting 42 Stakeholders Consultative 42 Iodine Deficiency 42 Revitalise 42 Sensitization 42 Accelerating Growth 42 Political Interference 42 LCQ# 42 Improving Customer Experience 42 Commercial Sexual Exploitation 42 Loic Fauchon president 42 Aid Effectiveness 42 Self Deception 42 Human Wrongs 42 FG Okays 42 Sh# Billion [001] 42 Institutionalised 42 Sh1 Billion 42 Dev't 42 Unintended Pregnancies 42 Organisational Development 42 Precondition 42 Asset Lifecycle Management 42 Programme NMCP 42 Co ordination Unit 42 Empower Yourself 42 anti-HIV/AIDS 42 Against Piracy STRAP 42 Inaugurating seminar 42 Combating Poverty 42 IFIP 42 Humanitarian Emergencies 42 edn 42 Bhagidari 42 Less Developed Countries 42 European Schoolnet 42 Diodorus Kamala 42 WASH cluster 42 GAID 42 COMIFAC 42 Sensitizing 42 UNECA 42 Dr Zola Skweyiya 42 UKaid 42 Unreached 42 Mega Projects 42 Inculcating 42 Iwi Leadership 42 Bridging Divides 42 ALECSO 42 CDD Ghana 42 Less Privileged 42 Chronic Non Communicable 42 Diverse Communities 42 Carbon Capture Storage 42 Panchayat Raj Institutions 42 AIDS NACA 42 Maternal Deaths 42 Harmonising 42 GCLME 42 Subsidise 42 Transformation 42 Land Titling 42 Concerted Action 42 resource mobilization 42 Pandemic Response 42 Climate Variability 42 Retrenched Workers 42 Socially Responsible Investment 42 Rural Livelihoods 42 Implementers 42 ERA FoEN 42 BAOBAB 42 Liberia Poverty Reduction 42 Dalits Tribals 42 Briggs Bomba 42 Feminization 42 Collective Responsibility 42 Digitisation 42 civil society 42 Noncommunicable Diseases 42 IGAD Heads 42 fosters entrepreneurship 42 Biggest Obstacle 42 Participatory Budgeting 42 Action PoA 42 Gawanas 42 combating HIV AIDS 42 gender mainstreaming 42 Small Medium Enterprises 42 Culturally Sensitive 42 Workforces 42 organisa tions 42 ARRA Stimulus 42 Social Studies CESS 42 Debt Forgiveness 42 Resolving Conflict 42 Raises Alarm Over 42 Child Mortality 42 Antiretroviral Therapy ART 42 Internet Safety UKCCIS 42 Alok Shende Director 42 Harnessing 42 National Adaptation Programmes 42 Bengaluru Infrastructure 42 Lanre Arogundade 42 Democratization 42 IDEG 42 Non Communicable Diseases NCDs 42 Rural Employment 42 Maternal Mortality 42 SNV Netherlands 42 Millenium Development Goals 42 MDGs 42 OAFLA 42 Medium Term Strategy 42 Delivery Framework 42 intergenerational solidarity 42 Emily Sikazwe 42 Organises 42 Digitalisation 42 Ict 42 Inter operability 42 WANEP 42 oganisations 42 Nepad Secretariat 42 multisectoral 42 Malaria Vaccine 42 Steadfastness 42 TeleFood 42 Challenges Faced 42 Prevent Genocide 42 Career Counselling 42 APA Mind Body 42 Sustainable Procurement 42 Revitalising 42 Homeworkers 42 Empowering Communities 42 Asean COCI 42 Conducting Clinical Trials 42 Crisis Intensifies 42 Promote gender equality 42 Dr Skweyiya 41 COMESA SADC 41 Clore Leadership 41 Effort Needed 41 Group UNDG 41 TODAY 'S INTERVIEW 41 Cut Greenhouse Gases 41 Engineer RAILWAYPEOPLE.COM 41 Structural Reforms 41 Social Transformation 41 Institutionalization 41 Participatory Action 41 Aids scourge 41 Stakeholders Workshop 41 CLGF 41 Children Affairs MOWAC 41 Non Verbal 41 Spokesperson Metiria Turei 41 Viral Campaigns 41 Backwardness 41 Centralisation 41 convenings 41 Commissioner Ján Figel 41 Exhibition DIHAD 41 Regulatory Regime 41 Panchayati Raj Institutions 41 Help Curb 41 Alleviation 41 Reframing 41 Organisational 41 Highlight Importance 41 IC GLR 41 UNICEF UNFPA 41 NHAS 41 Transform Lives 41 sensitization campaigns 41 Transformation Agenda 41 Next Generation Telecoms 41 Expresses Commitment 41 Socio Economic Development 41 Commissioner Vladimír Špidla 41 PNPM 41 UNPFII 41 Prosperity Agenda 41 Strengthening 41 Upliftment 41 Traditional Leaders 41 Addresses Challenges 41 RAND Study Finds 41 Urges Peaceful 41 National Poverty Eradication 41 Destitution 41 Poverty Eradication Action 41 Entrepreneurialism 41 UNDEF 41 Will Worsen 41 Diversities 41 Actionaid 41 Brenthurst Foundation 41 Interconnectivity 41 José Van Dúnem 41 Kazakhstan Ц 41 Consultation 41 Nuclear Abolition 41 MDG Monitor 41 Nicholas Mgaya 41 Peaceful Demonstration 41 NIEPA 41 Constructive Engagement 41 Gov'T 41 Rationalise 41 Root Causes 41 Wastage 41 Fadama III 41 Climate Change Resilience 41 Homeworking 41 Management IWRM 41 Towards Greener 41 Accelerating 41 Entrepreneurial Skills 41 Envoy Warns 41 Bilateral Agreements 41 Stakeholders Meeting 41 End Fistula 41 Views Differ 41 Resilient Communities 41 strategising 41 Develoment 41 Bleak Future 41 Sanitation Agency CWSA 41 PLHA 41 Luc Gnacadja 41 Ethiopia Meles Zenawi 41 initiatve 41 Sectorial 41 1Malaysia Concept 41 Sustained Growth 41 Regulatory Frameworks 41 ECOWAS Secretariat 41 Regularization 41 Resistant TB 41 Organsiation 41 Enhancing 41 SPECA 41 UNAIDS WHO 41 Undermining Democracy 41 Globalised 41 Territorial Cohesion 41 Inculcate 41 judicious utilization 41 Papal Message 41 Bie Province 41 Interministerial Commission 41 Non communicable 41 JIPSA 41 NHDR 41 Maternal Nutrition 41 sensitises 41 Socio Economic Empowerment 41 Waterborne Diseases 41 Poverty eradication 41 Non Indigenes 41 SDGs 41 Enfranchisement 41 Gerald LeMelle 41 Against Malaria 41 Crisis Looms 41 Trade Offs 41 Urgent Measures 41 Samuel Nuamah 41 Toxicity Testing 41 PSFU 41 Tamkeen Labour 41 Productivity Improvement 41 Defining Tomorrow 41 Livelihood Empowerment 41 Poverty History 41 Cholera Epidemic 41 Prof. Babatunde Osotimehin 41 Forum ACF 41 Integrated Approach 41 poverty alleviation 41 Reforms Needed 41 Service Delivery Platforms 41 multi sectoral 41 PRSP II 41 Foundation TPSF 41 Development WAD 41 Paralyses 41 Affaris 41 Federating 41 Youths Urged 41 Public Sector Reforms 41 Mass Atrocities 41 Vaccine Trial 41 Against Illegal Guns 41 VTET 41 Conducive 41 Papers PRSPs 41 Participatory 41 Angolan ruling MPLA 41 Preventing Genocide 41 Hijran Huseynova 41 Ghana Poverty Reduction 41 Sanitation Programme 41 Purposeful 41 Health NCHRH 41 Stakeholders Forum 41 Procurement Processes 41 eradicate hunger 41 Prospering 41 Eliminate Cervical Cancer 41 FADAMA 41 Untapped Potential 41 Pledges Commitment 41 Malaria GFATM 41 Remain Relevant 41 Faces Shortage 41 Facilitative 41 Combating Money Laundering 41 Growing Steadily 41 GFATM 41 Combat Piracy 41 Governance 41 Modernisation 41 CommunicAsia# Summit 41 Immunisation Days 41 UN Volunteers UNV 41 Overcoming Challenges 41 Ill Prepared 41 Afrikids Ghana 41 Interdependent 41 inter ministerial coordination 41 Tanzania Kikwete 41 GNECC 41 Maximizing Opportunities 41 Special Session UNGASS 41 DIRCO 41 Angola Malanje 41 Shaheen Anam 41 Initiative NBI 41 Counterfeit Medicines 41 Citizens Economic Empowerment 41 Sustainable Rural Livelihoods 41 Transparency Accountability 41 Gap Widens 41 Inspectorates 41 Spending Patterns 41 Anti Homophobia 41 Semi Autonomous 41 Inflation Targeting 41 Olapade Agoro 41 UMNS # # 41 Analysis Kippra 41 NAM Ministerial Meeting 41 UNDP UNFPA 41 CLEEN Foundation 41 Brownfield Renewal 41 Policy Framework 41 Training TVET 41 Teenage Pregnancy Unit 41 Trust Fund MDTF 41 CCEM 41 Globalising 41 Future Directions 41 States ECCAS 41 Liberalization 41 Incentivizing 41 Polio Eradication Programme 40 MDR XDR TB 40 Non Governmental Organisations 40 Antibacterial Drug 40 Neighbouring Countries 40 Childhood Blindness 40 Dr Chambas 40 SADCC 40 Pervasive BI 40 Politicisation 40 Globally Competitive 40 BMGF 40 Rural Dwellers 40 Broadening Participation 40 Effecting 40 Leadership Competencies 40 Hassen Lorgat 40 Ashok Khosla 40 Sisonke 40 NGOS 40 Prez Kufuor 40 Disturbing Voices 40 Malose Kekana 40 EIDHR 40 multistakeholder 40 Obstetric Fistula 40 Governance Framework